The phrasal verb 'hold back' is primarily used in informal speech, although it can appear in formal contexts depending on the setting. Generally, it means to restrain or prevent something, such as an emotion, reaction, or action, from proceeding or being expressed. This phrase is commonly used when discussing topics like controlling emotions—e.g., 'She couldn't hold back her tears'—or preventing an action—e.g., 'He held back from making a comment.' Additionally, 'hold back' can be used in various scenarios like education or business, where one might speak about being held back from advancing, either due to personal limitations or external circumstances. Due to its versatility, 'hold back' is frequently utilized in both literal and figurative contexts to indicate some form of interruption or inhibition.
B2
UpperIntermediate
1. To restrain or prevent something from progressing.
The rain held back the construction of the new building.
She held back her tears during the farewell speech.
2. To refrain from expressing emotions or thoughts.
He held back his anger when hearing the news.
They held back their opinions during the meeting.
3. To suppress or conceal a thought, feeling, or secret.
Jenny decided to hold back her disappointment.
You should hold back the surprise party plans until everything is confirmed.