The phrasal verb "close down" is commonly used across both formal and informal contexts, although it tends to appear more often in informal speech, especially in everyday conversations and media. It refers to the act of permanently stopping operations or shutting an establishment such as a business, factory, or any other organized activity. For instance, "The factory closed down last year due to financial losses." In formal contexts, such as business reports or news media, it might be phrased more formally as "ceased operations" or "was permanently shut," but "close down" is still quite acceptable. It's frequently used in the passive voice, especially when the subject performing the action is not specified or is obvious, e.g., "The store was closed down after decades in the community." Additionally, with the increasing prevalence of online businesses, the term is also applicable to websites or digital platforms that cease operations. "Close down" can also sometimes imply a compulsory or forced ceasing of operations due to external factors, such as legal issues or government mandates.
B2
UpperIntermediate
1. To cease operating or to shut a business or organization permanently.
The factory is scheduled to close down by the end of the year due to financial losses.
Several small shops in the neighborhood have closed down in recent months.
The local community center was forced to close down after losing its funding.
After over 50 years in service, the library finally closed down last week.
2. To temporarily stop operations, often for a specific reason.
The airport was closed down for a few hours due to heavy fog.
The school will close down next week for renovations.
The radio station closed down for the night after the last show.
Due to the storm, the concert had to close down early for safety reasons.